Evaluate the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.

John Adams's one term presidency lead to the Revolution of 1800. This was the peaceful transition of power from the Federalist party to the Democratic-Republicans. Their leader, Jefferson, had a smooth first term. However, in his second term, he had to deal with international issues, which led to problems at home. The purchase of the Louisiana Territory, the undeclared Barbary war, and his trade acts were all key events during his presidency.

Jefferson's astute thinking lead him to purchase the Louisiana Territory in 1803, during France's time of need. France was a war with Britain, and needed money to continue fighting. Jefferson was a strict interpreter of the constitution, so he went against his beliefs when he followed through with this purchase. However, he had acquired a vast amount of land, and doubled the size of the United States. The public agreed that fifteen million dollars was a good deal.

Upon acquiring the new land, Jefferson organized an expedition to find out more about it. Lewis and Clark lead this exploration westward, along with a translator Sacajawea. They published journals about their findings, and encouraged further westward exploration in the future.

Jefferson accomplished great things during his first term. Yet his leadership skills were challenged during his second term. Northern African nations, Barbary states, often seized American ships and held the crews for ransom. Jefferson wanted to steer clear of was. However, he did what needed to be done in order to protect his people. It wasn't until 1815, when he defeated these pirates, that they stopped seizing American ships.

In addition to dealing with Barbary states, the United States also suffered consequences from the war between Britain and France. In order to cease trade between the United States and France, Britain passed several acts that angered the American people. Within these were the Essex decision, which prohibited the United States from trading with the French West Indies, and the Leopard-Chesapeake Incident, which forced captured American sailors into the British navy. In Jefferson's effort to stay out of was, he passed a series of trade acts. The Nonintercourse Act stopped the importation of British goods. However, this did little to harm the British, so the Nonintercourse Act of 1809 reopened trade. Perhaps the most harmful act was the Embargo Act, which prohibited all foreign trade. It was meant to harm the French and British, but it hurt New England's economy the most. It left the American angry, and ready to shift to Federalist rule in the upcoming election.

Jefferson's presidency quickly shifted from a smooth ride, to a bumpy affair with foreign issues. Although some of his policies infuriated the public, he managed to keep the United States out of declared war. In addition, he increased American territory, thus further empowering the fairly new nation.

To what extent were the Articles of Confederation an inadequate form of government?

The Articles of Confederation were first suggested by Richard Henry Lee in the Second Continental Congress in 1776. They carried the United States through the end of the American Revolution. However, their inability to address political and economical problems proved them to be insufficient for the new nation. They were an inadequate form of government. The Articles of Confederation lacked the power and authority to keep the nation in order when it came to both domestic and foreign affairs. They provided a weak form of government, lacking federal powers.

The Articles of Confederation gave little power to a central government. Authority was granted to individual states, leaving Congress with not right to regulate neither interstate nor foreign affairs. In addition, Congress had no authority to impose taxes. The government under the Articles of Confederation lacked a national court system, and chief executive. All these flaws lead to domestic and foreign problems.

Depression took over the nation. American industries and businesses suffered due to Britain's flooding of the American market with their goods. Inflation arouse because of a lack of uniform currency. The abundance of different currencies as well as the lack of adequate transportation also hindered trade. The Articles of Confederation did not have the power to address these problems, so matters were left in the hands of individual states. Citizens were infuriated when they imposed heavy taxes, and some farmers engaged in open revolt. Such revolts as Shays's Rebellion had political leaders calling for a strong central government.

Foreign problems also triggered the desire for a stronger government. Great Britain broke The Treaty of Paris by maintaining forts in the Northwest Territory. Also, America quarreled with Spain over territory. I was the states' job to provide troops, but the central government had no power to demand it. Within these disputes, even Britain hesitated to make commercial agreements with the United States.

Perhaps the greatest achievement of the Articles of Confederation was the Northwest Ordinance, which provided procedures for turning northwest territory into states. However, the need for revising the Articles of Confederation was obvious when they failed to address foreign and even domestic problems that troubled the nation. The Articles of Confederation were inadequate for the new nation.